Times Literary Kadiri

Art literature received much attention in the days of the Kingdom of Panjalu-Kadiri. Bharatayuddha Kakawin in 1157 written by MPU MPU Panuluh Sedah and resolved. The book is sourced from the Mahabharata which includes victories over Kauravas Pandavas, as a figurative victory over Sri Jayabhaya Janggala.
In addition, the MPU Panuluh also wrote Kakawin Hariwangsa and Ghatotkachasraya. There is also a poet named reign of Sri Kameswara MPU Dharmaja who wrote Kakawin Smaradahana. Later during the reign there were poet named Kertajaya Monaguna who wrote Sumanasantaka MPU and MPU Triguna who wrote Kresnayana.

Development Panjalu

The early days of the kingdom of Kadiri Panjalu or not widely known. Inscription Hyang Down II (1044) issued only to preach the kingdom Janggala civil war between the two kingdoms after the death of Airlangga.
History of the Kingdom Panjalu emerged with the inscription sirah Keting 1104 on behalf of Sri Jayawarsa. Kings before Sri Sri Samarawijaya Jayawarsa only the known, while the sequence of kings after Sri Jayawarsa already be known clearly based on inscriptions found.
Panjalu Kingdom under the government of Sri Jayabhaya succeeded in conquering the Kingdom of the famous motto Janggala with the inscription Ngantang (1135), namely Panjalu Jayati, or Panjalu Win.
In the reign of Sri Jayabhaya this, the Kingdom Panjalu experienced its heyday. This empire includes the whole of Java and some islands in the archipelago, even to defeat the influence of Srivijaya kingdom in Sumatra.
This is reinforced Chinese chronicles titled Ling wai tai ta work of Chou Ku-fei year 1178, that at that time the richest country in addition to China in a sequence is Arabic, Java, and Sumatra. At that time the ruling Arab Abbasids, in Java there Panjalu Kingdom, while the Sumatran Srivijaya Empire controlled.
Discovery Sites Tondowongso in early 2007, which is believed to be relics of the kingdom of Kadiri is expected to help provide more information about the kingdom

Background

Statue of Vishnu, came from Kediri, the 12th century and 13th.
Indeed Daha town existed before the Kingdom of Kadiri stand. Daha Dahanapura stands, which means the city of fire. This name is contained in the inscription Pamwatan issued Airlangga year 1042. This is consistent with the news Candidates in Fiber Charcoal that, at the end of the reign of Airlangga, the center of the kingdom is no longer in Kahuripan, but moved to Daha.
In late November 1042, Airlangga was forced to split the territory of his kingdom because his two sons competing for the throne. Son named Sri Samarawijaya get named Panjalu western empire centered in the new town, namely Daha. While son named Mapanji Garasakan get named Janggala eastern empire, based in the old town, which is Kahuripan.
According Nagarakretagama, before it split into two, the name of the kingdom, led by Airlangga was named Panjalu, based in Daha. Thus, the Kingdom Janggala born as a fraction of Panjalu. The Kahuripan is the name of the old city that has been left Airlangga and later became the capital of Janggala.
At first, the name or Pangjalu Panjalu is more often used than the name of Kadiri. This can be found in inscriptions issued by the kings of Kadiri. In fact, the name Panjalu also known as Pu-chia-lung in the chronicles of China titled Ling wai tai ta (1178).

The collapse of Kediri

After successfully beat his Kertanegara, Kediri kingdom revived under Jayakatwang. One of his squad leader Singasari, Raden Wijaya, managed to escape to Madura. Because of good behavior, Jayakatwang allow Raden Wijaya Pull to open Forest as an area where he lives. In 1293, came the Mongol army sent by Emperor Kublai Khan to seek revenge against Kertanegara. This situation is exploited to attack Jayakatwang Raden Wijaya. He worked with the Mongols and Madurese troops under the leadership of Aryan Wiraraja to demolish Kediri. In the war Jayakatwang forces easily defeated. After that no more news about the kingdom of Kediri.

Panjalu Kadiri Kingdom or Empire, is a kingdom located in East Java, between the years 1042-1222. The kingdom was centered in the city of Daha, located in the vicinity of Kediri now.

The development of the Kingdom of Kediri

In its development, its capital Daha Kediri kingdom grow into large, while the Kingdom Jenggala getting drowned. Allegedly Jenggala conquered by the Kingdom of Kediri. But the loss of trace Jenggala may also be caused by the lack of an inscription inscription found abandoned or not abandoned the Kingdom Jenggala. Kediri kingdom of glory had fallen when the King Kertajaya (1185-1222) at odds with the priest class. This situation is exploited by akuwu Tumapel Tunggul Ametung.


But then his position was taken by Ken Arok. Above is the former kingdom of Kediri, Ken Arok went on to establish the Kingdom Singasari, and Kediri under the authority of Singasari. When Singasari under Kertanegara reign (1268-1292), there was upheaval in the kingdom. Jayakatwang, king of Kediri, which has been subject to Singasari join the Regent Sumenep (Madura) to drop Kertanegara. Finally in 1292 Jayakatwang beat Kertanegara and rebuild the glory of the kingdom of Kediri.

Kediri Kingdom

Kediri kingdom born of the division of Mataram Kingdom by King Airlangga (1000-1049). Solving this is done to avoid disputes among the children concubines. There is no clear evidence of how the empire was broken up and into pieces. The Chronicle noted that the kingdom was divided four or five parts. But in its development, only two kingdoms are often referred to, namely Kediri (Pangjalu) and Jenggala. Samarawijaya as legitimate heir to the kingdom got the old capital, namely Dahanaputra, and the name was changed to Pangjalu kingdom also known as the kingdom of Kediri.